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本试验旨在研究添加复合酶对临武鸭瓜尔豆胚芽养分、氨基酸和能量利用率的影响。试验选用24只体重2.0 kg左右的健康成年临武鸭公鸭,随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复1只鸭。采用绝食强饲-全收粪法进行代谢试验。1、2组试验鸭每只强饲60 g/d饲粮,2组饲粮中添加250 mg/kg的复合酶,3组强饲60 g/d无氮饲粮。测定添加复合酶对临武鸭瓜尔豆胚芽中干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、粗纤维(CF)和17种氨基酸的表观利用率、真可利用率、表观代谢能(AME)和真代谢能(TME)。结果表明,临武鸭对瓜尔豆胚芽DM、CP、EE、CF和能量的真可利用率分别为67.07%、67.57%、65.52%、82.88%和77.39%,AME和TME分别为11.34和13.31 MJ/kg,17种氨基酸的真可利用率为67.72%~93.70%;添加复合酶使临武鸭的DM、CP、EE、CF和能量的真可利用率分别提高了5.23%、8.02%、5.80%、3.66%和3.31%(P0.05),AME和TME分别提高了3.97%和3.27%(P0.05),17种氨基酸的真可利用率提高了1.73%~11.62%,其中丝氨酸、甘氨酸、亮氨酸、酪氨酸和苯丙氨酸的真可利用率显著提高(P0.05)。由此可知,添加含有蛋白酶和非淀粉多糖酶的复合酶能够提高临武鸭对瓜尔豆胚芽中养分、氨基酸和能量的利用率。 相似文献
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绿头野鸭与我国主要地方鸭品种遗传多样性研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用17个微卫星标记,采用PCR扩增,8%非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、银染,对绿头野鸭种群和我国9个主要地方鸭品种的遗传多样性进行了检测,统计了各群体的平均有效等位基因(Ne)、平均遗传杂合度(H)、多态信息含量(PIC)、群体间的遗传距离(Ds)和相似系数(I)。采用UPGMA和NJ法构建系统发生树。结果表明:17个微卫星座位在绿头野鸭种群和我国9个主要地方鸭品种中的多态信息含量均为高度多态,所有鸭种的平均PIC、H、Ne分别为0.6506、0.6896、4.1±1.5,基因多态性和遗传多样性相对较高;家鸭各品种间的遗传距离在0.1631~0.6844范围内,绿头野鸭与家鸭品种间的遗传距离分别在0.3096~0.8219之间。根据系统发育树推断中国主要地方鸭品种不是单一起源于绿头野鸭。中国主要地方鸭品种大致可以分为5支。一支为北京鸭、荆江鸭,一支为中山鸭、建昌鸭及高邮鸭,一支为靖西大麻鸭和金定鸭,连城鸭为一支,绍兴鸭为另一支。 相似文献
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为研究12~18w临武鸭的赖氨酸需要量,试验随机选取健康、体重接近的84日龄雌性临武鸭210羽,分为5个处理(赖氨酸水平分别为0.55%、0.65%、0.75%、0.85%、0.95%),每处理设6个重复,每重复7只鸭,试验全期为42d。结果显示:(1)12~18周龄雌性临武鸭增重较慢,且各组试鸭间平均日采食量和日增重差异均不显著(P0.05),但0.75%赖氨酸组有增加平均增重的趋势;(2)试验各组间试鸭的十二指肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度差异均不显著(P0.05),但有增加绒毛高度的趋势。试验结果表明,以生长性能和肠道结构为评价指标,本试验条件下12~18w龄雌性临武鸭日粮赖氨酸水平以0.75%为适宜。 相似文献
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We histologically examined lectin binding patterns in the olfactory bulb of mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) using 21 biotinylated lectins. Positive staining for the N‐acetylglucosamine‐specific lectins (Bandeiraea simplicifolia II, Datura stramonium, Lycopersicon esculentum, Solanum tuberosum, Triticum vulgare), galactose or N‐acetylgalactosamine‐specific lectins (Artocarpus intergrifolia, Phaseolus vulgaris erythroagglutinin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, Ricus communis) and the mannose‐specific lectins (Lens culinaris and Pisum sativum) was observed in the olfactory nerve and glomerular layers. Canavalia ensiformis staining showed a similar pattern to that obtained with the lectins and there was also faint staining in the mitral cells. Olfactory nerve axons terminate in the glomeruli, where they make excitatory synapses with the dendrites of mitral cells. This finding indicates that glycoconjugates that bind Canavalia ensiformis play an important role in formation of glomeruli. No positive staining for the other lectins was seen in the olfactory bulb. Based on these results, we conclude that cell surface sugar moieties of the olfactory bulb in mallard ducks express N‐acetylglucosamine and mannose residues rather than N‐acetylgalactosamine residues. The carbohydrate composition of mallard duck olfactory bulb differed from that of other vertebrates found in previous studies. 相似文献
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IG Langstaff JS McKenzie WL Stanislawek CEM Reed R Poland SC Cork 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(3):160-165
AIM: To determine if migratory birds arriving in New Zealand in the Southern Hemisphere spring of 2004 were infected with the highly pathogenic avian influenza (AI) virus, H5N1. METHODS: Cloacal and faecal samples were collected from migratory red knots following their arrival in New Zealand in October 2004. Two species of resident sympatric birds, wrybill and mallard duck, were sampled prior to, and following, the arrival of migratory birds. RESULTS: No AI viruses were isolated from migratory or resident shorebirds. Non-pathogenic AI viruses were isolated from six resident mallard ducks, comprising the endemic subtypes H4 (n=2), H7 (non-pathogenic), H10, and H11 (n=2). CONCLUSIONS: Highly pathogenic AI H5N1 virus was not detected in migratory shorebirds or sympatric water birds in the Firth of Thames, New Zealand, in 2004-2005, despite the possible proximity of migratory birds to outbreaks of the disease in East Asia in 2004. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮钙水平对22~28周龄临武鸭产蛋性能、蛋品质、胫骨指标和血清生化指标的影响,以确定临武鸭产蛋初期的钙需要量。试验选取体重相近、健康状况良好的临武鸭200羽,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复8只鸭。饲粮钙水平分别为1.50%、2.00%、2.50%、3.00%、3.50%。预试期7 d,正试期49 d。结果显示:1)饲粮钙水平对平均日采食量和产蛋率均无显著影响(P0.05)。1.50%钙水平组平均蛋重显著低于其他4组(P0.05)。3.00%钙水平组日产蛋重显著高于1.50%钙水平组(P0.05),而与其他各组差异不显著(P0.05)。2.50%和3.00%钙水平组的合格蛋率显著高于1.50%和2.00%钙水平组(P0.05)。3.00%钙水平组料蛋比最低且显著低于1.50%钙水平组(P0.05)。2)饲粮钙水平对蛋品质各指标均无显著影响(P0.05)。3)饲粮钙水平对胫骨折断力、脱脂胫骨钙含量和灰分钙含量有显著影响(P0.05),且上述3项胫骨指标2.50%、3.00%和3.50%钙水平组显著优于1.50%钙水平组(P0.05)。4)1.50%钙水平组血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于其他4组(P0.05)。5)二次曲线分析表明,以平均蛋重、灰分钙含量和脱脂胫骨钙含量为评价指标,产蛋初期临武鸭钙需要量分别为2.79%,2.98%和2.98%。综上所述,在本试验条件下,为获得最佳产蛋性能、血清生化指标和胫骨指标,22~28周龄临武鸭饲粮中钙推荐量为2.79%~2.98%。 相似文献
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根据GeneBank上已发表的H3N8亚型禽流感的非结构蛋白基因(NS)序列,设计了一对特异性引物,成功地从A/mallard/SanJiang/167/2006(H3N8)中克隆到NS基因序列,该克隆基因全长860 bp,编码NS1和NS2两种非结构蛋白.与其他H3N8亚型的NS基因进行了同源性比较,核苷酸同源性为65.5%～98.3%,推导的氨基酸序列同源性为65.4%～97.8%.NS基因遗传进化树形成两个分支,该分离株处于等位基因B组.另外,此毒株NS基因在263～277位没有发生15个碱基的缺失.A/mallard/SanJiang/167/2006(H3N8)株149位为丙氨酸,其不能感染哺乳动物. 相似文献
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This experiment was aimed to study the nutritional content and value of the muscles of two mallards (White feather mallard and mallard),and provide basic data and theoretical basis for the development and utilization of mallard meat products.60 White feathered mallards and mallards (30 for each breed,half of male and female) were chosen,and the composition and content of pectoral muscle crude protein,crude fat,cholesterol,amino acids,fatty acids,trace elements and vitamins were determined according to national standards and the nutritional values of muscle were evaluated.The results showed that the content of crude protein in muscle of White feather mallard was significantly lower than that of mallard (P<0.05).17 kinds of amino acids with contents higher than 0.01% were detected in the muscles of the two kinds of mallards,among which the contents of threonine,histidine,serine and proline in the muscles of the White feather mallard were significantly higher than those of mallard (P<0.05).The contents of lysine,glutamate and arginine were significantly lower than those of mallard (P<0.05).13 kinds of fatty acids with contents higher than 0.01% were detected,and the contents of stearic acid and oleic acid were significantly lower than those of the mallard.9 mineral elements (sodium,magnesium,potassium,calcium,manganese,iron,copper,zinc and selenium) in two kinds of mallards were detected,and there was no significant difference between the two kinds of mallards (P>0.05).8 kinds of vitamins were detected,and the content of vitamin B1 in muscle of White feather mallard was significantly higher than that of mallard (P<0.05),but the contents of vitamin D and vitamin E were significantly lower than that of mallard (P<0.05).The ratio of amino acids in muscle of two kinds of mallards was close to the ideal model recommended by WHO,which was rich in mineral elements and vitamins for human body,and had a broad prospect of development and utilization. 相似文献
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试验旨在研究添加复合酶对临武鸭骨粉和羽毛粉养分利用率的影响,选用40只体重2.0kg左右的健康成年临武鸭公鸭,随机分为5组,每组8个重复,采用绝食强饲法进行代谢试验,测定添加酶制剂前后临武鸭对骨粉和羽毛粉中DM、CP、粗脂肪、氨基酸、能量等的表观和真可利用率。结果表明：添加复合酶制剂临武鸭对骨粉中干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、钙和总磷的真可利用率分别为提高了9.50%、7.72%、3.46%、8.52%、1.49%和18.94%;骨粉的鸭表观代谢能和真代谢能分别提高了3.64%和5.85%;氨基酸的真可利用率提高了2.65%-24.52%。临武鸭对羽毛粉中DM、CP、EE的真可利用率分别为4.12%、3.21%和1.64%;羽毛粉的鸭AME和TME分别提高了2.38%和2.14%;氨基酸的真可利用率提高了0.75%-12.63%。试验结果显示,在骨粉和羽毛粉中添加复合酶制剂提高了临武鸭的养分及氨基酸利用率和代谢能。 相似文献